BCA Green Mark

Central Region encompasses Downtown Core (CBD), Marina Bay, Orchard, Novena, Toa Payoh, and Bukit Merah planning areas. Highest GPR allowances in Singapore up to 14.0 in CBD. Height controlled by CAAS Obstacle Limitation Surfaces at 280m in core CBD. Kallang Formation marine clay prevalent requiring deep bored piles or diaphragm walls. URA Strategic Development Incentive (SDI) scheme may allow GPR uplift beyond Master Plan. BCA Green Mark Super Low Energy (SLE) or Zero Energy (ZE) targets for new developments. Marina Bay area subject to Design Advisory Panel review. Orchard Road has special urban design guidelines including 45m building setback from road reserve.

East Region covers Tampines, Changi, Bedok, and Pasir Ris planning areas. Tampines Regional Centre is a mature commercial hub with GPR up to 3.0. Changi area subject to strict CAAS height restrictions due to Changi Airport — maximum 78-100m depending on distance from runway. East Coast reclaimed land has variable soil conditions requiring careful geotechnical investigation. Changi Business Park (Business Park zone GPR 3.5) serves as tech and finance hub. Pasir Ris area designated for future intensification with Pasir Ris 8 mixed-use development model. Wind speed slightly higher at 130 km/h due to coastal exposure. Coastal areas require consideration of rising sea levels per PUB guidelines.

North-East Region encompasses Sengkang, Punggol, Hougang, Serangoon, and Ang Mo Kio planning areas. Punggol Digital District is a major new development with smart-city infrastructure and integrated work-live-learn concept. GPR up to 3.0 in Punggol town centre. Old Alluvium formation provides moderate foundation conditions — driven piles typically to 20-30m. Punggol Waterway provides waterfront living with special setback requirements (15m green buffer from waterway). Sengkang-Punggol area is Singapore's newest HDB town with extensive cycling network requirements. Ang Mo Kio designated for rejuvenation with selective en-bloc redevelopment allowing height intensification to 145m at key nodes.

North Region covers Woodlands, Sembawang, Yishun, and Mandai planning areas. Woodlands Regional Centre designated as future northern gateway and economic hub with GPR up to 3.5. Proximity to Johor Bahru (Malaysia) via Causeway shapes development. Bukit Timah Granite residual soil dominates — generally better foundation conditions than southern marine clay. Sembawang Hot Spring area has heritage conservation requirements. Woodlands North Coast being developed as mixed-use waterfront with heights up to 150m. HDB towns with neighborhood commercial (GPR 1.4-2.1). Mandai area includes wildlife reserves with green buffer requirements.

Singapore adopted SS Eurocodes (based on BS EN) in 2015. No local seismicity but distant Sumatran earthquakes felt; BCA BC3:2013 provides seismic design guidance for long-period structures. Design wind speed 30-35 m/s (3-second gust). Kallang Formation marine clay requires deep pile foundations. URA GPR up to 14.0 in CBD; height limited to 280m by aviation regulations. BCA Green Mark mandatory for all new buildings. Buildability/Constructability (BDAS) scoring required for all projects over 2000m².

West Region encompasses Jurong East, Jurong West, Clementi, Bukit Batok, and Tuas planning areas. Jurong Lake District is designated as Singapore's second CBD with GPR up to 4.2 and heights up to 200m at key nodes. Jurong Innovation District (JID) integrates advanced manufacturing with R&D at GPR 3.5. Tuas Mega Port area reserved for heavy industrial and port use. Jurong Formation sedimentary rock provides good foundation conditions for high-rise. one-north (Buona Vista) is an established business park with GPR 3.5 and special urban design guidelines. Clementi area being rejuvenated with new mixed-use developments near MRT stations. West Coast area subject to mild CAAS height restrictions from Paya Lebar Air Base (until 2030 decommissioning).